These are the asteroids to worry about

Stephen Hawking thought an asteroid impact posed the greatest threat to life on Earth. Thanks to Kiwico for sponsoring this video. For 50% off your first month of any crate, go to https://kiwico.com/veritasium50 <br>For other potential world ending catastrophes, check out Domain of Science: https://ve42.co/DoS <br> <br>Special thanks to: <br>Prof. Dave Jewitt from UCLA Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences <br>Prof. Mark Boslough from Sandia National Labs <br>Scott Manley: https://www.youtube.com/user/szyzyg <br>Ryan Wyatt at Morrison Planetarium <br>Prof. Amy Mainzer <br>Alexandr Ivanov for the opening shot of Chelyabinsk Meteor <br> <br>Maps of Asteroid Impacts —https://ve42.co/Map <br> <br>Time passing animation from Universe Sandbox - http://universesandbox.com/ <br> <br>Opposition Effect — https://ve42.co/Belskaya2000 <br>Belskaya, I. N., &amp; Shevchenko, V. G. (2000). Opposition effect of asteroids. Icarus, 147(1), 94-105. <br> <br>Potentially Hazardous Asteroids — https://ve42.co/Perna2013 <br>Perna, D., Barucci, M. A., &amp; Fulchignoni, M. (2013). The near-Earth objects and their potential threat to our planet. The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review, 21(1), 65. <br> <br>Survey of Potentially Hazardous Asteroids — https://ve42.co/NEOSurvey <br> <br>Population Vulnerability — https://ve42.co/Rumpf2017 <br>Rumpf, C. M., Lewis, H. G., &amp; Atkinson, P. M. (2017). Population vulnerability models for asteroid impact risk assessment. Meteoritics &amp; Planetary Science, 52(6), 1082-1102. <br> <br>Size distribution of NEOs — https://ve42.co/Trilling17 <br>Trilling, D. E., Valdes, F., Allen, L., James, D., Fuentes, C., Herrera, D., ... &amp; Rajagopal, J. (2017). The size distribution of near-earth objects larger than 10 m. The Astronomical Journal, 154(4), 170. <br> <br>2020 NEOWISE Data Release — https://ve42.co/NEOWISE <br> <br>National Research Council Report— https://ve42.co/Defending <br>Board, S. S., &amp; National Research Council. (2010). Defending planet earth: Near-Earth-Object surveys and hazard mitigation strategies. National Academies Press. <br> <br>Tug Boat — https://ve42.co/Schweickart03 <br>Schweickart, R. L., Lu, E. T., Hut, P., &amp; Chapman, C. R. (2003). The asteroid tugboat. Scientific American, 289(5), 54-61. <br> <br>Gravity Tractor 1 — https://ve42.co/Lu05 <br>Lu, E. T., &amp; Love, S. G. (2005). Gravitational tractor for towing asteroids. Nature, 438(7065), 177-178. <br> <br>Laser Ablation — https://ve42.co/Thiry14 <br>Thiry, N., &amp; Vasile, M. (2014). Recent advances in laser ablation modelling for asteroid deflection methods. SPIE Optical Engineering+ Applications, 922608-922608. <br> <br>Yarakovsky Effect — https://ve42.co/Yara <br> <br>DART Mission — https://ve42.co/DART <br> <br>Nuclear 1 — https://ve42.co/Ahrens92 <br>Ahrens, T. J., &amp; Harris, A. W. (1992). Deflection and fragmentation of near-Earth asteroids. Nature, 360(6403), 429-433. <br> <br>Nuclear 2 — https://ve42.co/Bradley10 <br>Bradley, P. A., Plesko, C. S., Clement, R. R., Conlon, L. M., Weaver, R. P., Guzik, J. A., ... &amp; Huebner, W. F. (2010, January). Challenges of deflecting an asteroid or comet nucleus with a nuclear burst. In AIP Conference Proceedings (Vol. 1208, No. 1, pp. 430-437). American Institute of Physics. <br> <br>Researched and Written by Petr Lebedev, Jonny Hyman and Derek Muller <br>3D animations, VFX, SFX, Audio Mixing by Jonny Hyman <br>2D animation by Ivàn Tello <br>Intro animation by Nicolas Pratt <br>With Filming by Raquel Nuno <br> <br>Music from https://epidemicsound.com &quot;Stellar Dance&quot; &quot;Orbit&quot; &quot;That Notebook&quot; &quot;What We Discovered&quot; &quot;Out of Poppies&quot; &quot;Handwriting&quot; <br>Images and video supplied by Getty Images